The New Vacuum Solar Telescope (NVST) is a 1-meter vacuum solar telescopethat aims to observe the fine structures of active regions on the Sun. The maintasks of the NVST are high resolution imaging and spectral observations,including the measurements of the solar magnetic field. The NVST has beencollecting more than 20 million FITS files since it began routine observationsin 2012 and produces a maximum observational records of 120 thousand files in aday. Given the large amount of files, the effective archiving and retrieval offiles becomes a critical and urgent problem. In this study, we implement a newdata archiving system for the NVST based on the Fastbit Not Only StructuredQuery Language (NoSQL) database. Comparing to the relational database (i.e.,MySQL; My Structured Query Language), the Fastbit database manifestsdistinctive advantages on indexing and querying performance. In a large scaledatabase of 40 million records, the multi-field combined query response time ofFastbit database is about 15 times faster and fully meets the requirements ofthe NVST. Our study brings a new idea for massive astronomical data archivingand would contribute to the design of data management systems for otherastronomical telescopes.
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